Dualism (Indian philosophy)
Consciousness–matter dualism / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Dualism in Indian philosophy refers to the belief held by certain schools of Indian philosophy that reality is fundamentally composed of two parts.[citation needed] This mainly[citation needed] takes the form of either mind-matter dualism in Buddhist philosophy[citation needed] or awareness-'nature' dualism in the Samkhya and Yoga schools of Hindu philosophy. These can be contrasted with mind-body dualism in Western philosophy of mind,[citation needed] but also have similarities with it.
Another form of dualism in Hindu philosophy is found in the Dvaita ("dualism") Vedanta school, which regards God and the world as two realities with distinct essences; this is a form of theistic dualism. By contrast, schools such as Advaita ("nondualism") Vedanta embrace absolute monism and regard dualism as an illusion (maya).