Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya
Muslim scholar, jurist, and theologian (1292–1350) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Shams ad-Dīn Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr ibn Ayyūb az-Zurʿī d-Dimashqī l-Ḥanbalī (29 January 1292–15 September 1350 CE / 691 AH–751 AH), commonly known as Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya ("The son of the principal of [the school of] Jawziyyah") or Ibn al-Qayyim ("Son of the principal"; ابن القيّم) for short, or reverentially as Imam Ibn al-Qayyim in Sunni tradition, was an important medieval Islamic jurisconsult, theologian, and spiritual writer.[4] Belonging to the Hanbali school of orthodox Sunni jurisprudence, of which he is regarded as "one of the most important thinkers,"[5] Ibn al-Qayyim was also the foremost disciple and student of Ibn Taymiyyah,[6] with whom he was imprisoned in 1326 for dissenting against established tradition during Ibn Taymiyyah's famous incarceration in the Citadel of Damascus.[4]
Ibn al-Qayyim | |
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ٱبْن ٱلْقَيِّم | |
Personal | |
Born | 29 January 1292 CE / 7 Saffar 691 AH Damascus, Mamluk Sultanate (present day Syria) |
Died | 15 September 1350 CE (aged 60) / 13 Rajab 751 AH Damascus, Mamluk Sultanate (present day Syria) |
Resting place | Bab al-Saghir Cemetery, Damascus, Syria |
Religion | Islam |
Era | Islamic Golden Age |
Region | Sham |
Denomination | Sunni |
Jurisprudence | Hanbali |
Main interest(s) | |
Alma mater | Al-Madrasa al-Jawziyya |
Occupation |
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Arabic name | |
Personal (Ism) | Muḥammad محمد |
Patronymic (Nasab) | Ibn Abī Bakr ibn Ayyūb ibn Saʿd ٱبْن أَبِي بَكْر بْن أَيُّوب بْن سَعْد |
Teknonymic (Kunya) | Abū ʿAbd Allāh أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه |
Epithet (Laqab) | Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya Ibn al-Qayyim Shams al-Dīn ٱبْن قَيِّم ٱلْجَوْزِيَّة ٱبْن ٱلْقَيِّم شَمْس ٱلدِّين |
Toponymic (Nisba) | Al-Dimashqī ٱلدِّمَشْقِيّ |
Muslim leader | |
Of humble origin, Ibn al-Qayyim's father was the principal (qayyim) of the School of Jawziyya, which also served as a court of law for the Hanbali judge of Damascus during the time period.[4] Ibn al-Qayyim went on to become a prolific scholar, producing a rich corpus of "doctrinal and literary" works.[4] As a result, numerous important Muslim scholars of the Mamluk period were among Ibn al-Qayyim's students or, at least, greatly influenced by him, including, amongst others, the Shafi historian Ibn Kathir (d. 774/1373), the Hanbali hadith scholar Ibn Rajab (d. 795/1397) and Al Dhahabi (d. 1348).[4] In the present day, Ibn al-Qayyim's name has become a controversial one in certain quarters of the Islamic world due to his popularity amongst many adherents of the Sunni movements of Salafism and Wahhabism,[4] who see in his criticisms of such widespread orthodox Sunni practices of the medieval period as the veneration of saints and the veneration of their graves and relics a classical precursor to their own perspective.[4]