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Aristides de Sousa Mendes do Amaral e Abranches, GCC, OL (July 19, 1885 – April 3, 1954; Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐɾiʃˈtiðɨʒ ðɨ ˈsowzɐ ˈmẽdɨʃ]) was a Portuguese consul. As Portuguese Consul-General in Bordeaux, France, he defied the orders of Portugal's Salazar dictatorship, issuing visas in 1940 to thousands of refugees fleeing from invading German military forces in the early period of World War II. He was punished by his government for his actions but was eventually vindicated after his death. He was honored posthumously by Yad Vashem as Righteous Among the Nations, the first diplomat to be so honored. Holocaust scholar Yehuda Bauer characterized Sousa Mendes' deed as "perhaps the largest rescue action by a single individual during the Holocaust."[1] Portuguese President Mario Soares declared Sousa Mendes to be "Portugal's greatest hero of the twentieth century."[2]
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Aristides de Sousa Mendes | |
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Born | Aristides de Sousa Mendes do Amaral e Abranches (1885-07-19)July 19, 1885 |
Died | April 3, 1954(1954-04-03) (aged 68) |
Nationality | Portuguese |
Alma mater | University of Coimbra |
Occupation | Consul |
Known for | Saving the lives of thousands of refugees seeking to escape the Nazi terror during World War II |
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Children | Aristides César, Manuel Silvério, José António, Clotilde Augusta, Isabel Maria, Feliciano Artur Geraldo, Elisa Joana, Pedro Nuno, Carlos Francisco Fernando, Sebastião Miguel Duarte, Teresinha Menino Jesus, Luís Felipe, João Paulo, Raquel Herminia, Marie-Rose |
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