Chloride
Main anion present in sea water / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:
Can you list the top facts and stats about Chloride?
Summarize this article for a 10 year old
The term chloride refers to a compound or molecule that contains either a chlorine ion (Cl−), which is a negatively charged chlorine atom, or a non-charged chlorine atom covalently bonded to the rest of the molecule by a single bond (−Cl). Many inorganic chlorides are salts. Many organic compounds are chlorides. The pronunciation of the word "chloride" is /ˈklɔːraɪd/.[3]
| |||
Names | |||
---|---|---|---|
Systematic IUPAC name
Chloride[1] | |||
Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) |
|||
3587171 | |||
ChEBI | |||
ChEMBL | |||
ChemSpider |
| ||
14910 | |||
KEGG |
| ||
PubChem CID |
|||
UNII | |||
| |||
| |||
Properties | |||
Cl− | |||
Molar mass | 35.45 g·mol−1 | ||
Conjugate acid | Hydrogen chloride | ||
Thermochemistry | |||
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
153.36 J·K−1·mol−1[2] | ||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−167 kJ·mol−1[2] | ||
Related compounds | |||
Other anions |
|||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
|
The chlorine ion is an anion (negatively charged ion) with the charge Cl−. Chloride salts such as sodium chloride are often soluble in water.[4] It is an essential electrolyte located in all body fluids responsible for maintaining acid/base balance, transmitting nerve impulses and regulating liquid flow in and out of cells. Other examples of ionic chlorides are calcium chloride CaCl2 and ammonium chloride NH4Cl.
The chloride is also a neutral chlorine atom covalently bonded by a single bond to the rest of the molecule. For example, methyl chloride CH3Cl is an organic compound with a covalent C−Cl bond in which the chlorine is not an anion. Other examples of covalent chlorides are carbon tetrachloride CCl4, sulfuryl chloride SO2Cl2 and monochloramine NH2Cl.