Cyprus Emergency
1955–1959 military conflict in Cyprus / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Cyprus Emergency[note 2] was a conflict fought in British Cyprus between April 1955 and March 1959.[8]
Cyprus Emergency | |||||||
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Part of the Cyprus problem and Decolonisation | |||||||
A street riot in Nicosia during the Battle at Nicosia Hospital in 1956 | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Turkish Resistance Organisation Supported by: Turkey
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EOKA Supported by: Greece[note 1] | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
John Harding Hugh Foot Rauf Denktaş |
Georgios Grivas Grigoris Afxentiou † Tassos Papadopoulos Markos Drakos † Renos Kyriakides | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
c.25,000[3]–40,000[4] |
300 fighters[4] 1,000 active underground[5] | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
371 dead (according to Roll of Honour's database) and 21 British Policemen 601 injured[6] |
102–112 killed (including 9 executed) Unknown injured[7] |
The National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters (EOKA), a Greek Cypriot right-wing nationalist guerrilla organisation, began an armed campaign in support of the end of British colonial rule and the unification of Cyprus and Greece (Enosis) in 1955. Opposition to Enosis from Turkish Cypriots led to the formation of the Turkish Resistance Organisation (TMT) in support of the partition of Cyprus. The Cyprus Emergency ended in 1959 with the signature of the London-Zürich Agreements, establishing the Republic of Cyprus as an independent state.[9]