Daniël Goulooze
Dutch communist and resistance fighter (1901 – 1965) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Daniël "Daan" Goulooze (28 April 1901 – 10 September 1965) was a Dutch Jewish construction worker who was a committed communist and resistance fighter.[1] In 1925, he became a member of the Communist Party of the Netherlands (CPN) and by 1930 had become an executive member of the organisation. In 1934, he formed Pegasus, a publisher of many left-wing writers and intellectuals in the Netherlands, some for the first time. In 1935–1936, Goulooze formed the Dutch Information Service (DIS), an organisation that supplied information to the Soviet Union.[2] Goulooze become the liaison between the organisation and the CPN.[2] In 1937, he went to the Soviet Union, where he received intelligence training at the Marx–Engels–Lenin Institute in Moscow.[2] Upon returning, he became the liaison officer of Communist International (Comintern) in the Netherlands, his main duty being to maintain on-going radio contact with Soviet intelligence.[3][4][5]
Daan Goulooze | |
---|---|
Born | (1901-04-28)28 April 1901 Amsterdam, Netherlands |
Died | 10 September 1965(1965-09-10) (aged 64) Amsterdam, Netherlands |
Nationality | Dutch |
Occupation(s) | construction worker, Comintern agent |
Organization(s) | Communist Party of the Netherlands, Comintern, Red Orchestra |
Goulooze used the DIS organisation from early 1937 to help establish Soviet Red Orchestra agents in the Netherlands, France and the Low Countries. After the start of the war and the occupation of the Netherlands, Goulooze helped to reestablish the KPD in Germany in 1940. As the war progressed, the Comintern, the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) and the French Communist Party were progressively destroyed in Europe, the DIS designed to send intelligence to Moscow, became increasingly important to Soviet intelligence as the only organisation in Western Europe, where they could maintain contact with Soviet agents on the ground.[6]
Such was the level of communication that Goulooze conducted with Soviet intelligence, that he maintained four separate and active wireless telegraphy sets and one in reserve.[1] His signals were eventually detected by the German Funkabwehr and he was arrested along with many members of the DIS. Goulooze was sent to Sachsenhausen concentration camp but managed to survive the war. In 1948 he was expelled from the CPN[3] after a smear campaign about his role in the war that last more than a decade. He then worked for the "De Republiek der Letteren" (The Republic of Arts), a left-wing publishing house. In 1951 he had a heart attack and died in 1965.[5] Goulooze used the Daan alias disguise his identity.