Fortran
General-purpose programming language / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:
Can you list the top facts and stats about FORTRAN 77?
Summarize this article for a 10 year old
Fortran (/ˈfɔːrtræn/; formerly FORTRAN) is a third generation, compiled, imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing.
Paradigm | Multi-paradigm: structured, imperative (procedural, object-oriented), generic, array |
---|---|
Designed by | John Backus |
Developer | John Backus and IBM |
First appeared | 1957; 67 years ago (1957) |
Stable release | Fortran 2023 (ISO/IEC 1539:2023)
/ November 17, 2023; 6 months ago (2023-11-17) |
Typing discipline | strong, static, manifest |
Filename extensions | .f90 , .f , .for |
Website | fortran-lang |
Major implementations | |
Absoft, Cray, GFortran, G95, IBM XL Fortran, Intel, Hitachi, Lahey/Fujitsu, Numerical Algorithms Group, Open Watcom, PathScale, PGI, Silverfrost, Oracle Solaris Studio, others | |
Influenced by | |
Speedcoding | |
Influenced | |
ALGOL 58, BASIC, C, Chapel,[1] CMS-2, DOPE, Fortress, MATLAB, PL/I, PACT I, MUMPS, IDL, Ratfor |
Fortran was originally developed by IBM.[2] It first compiled correctly in 1958.[3] Fortran computer programs have been written to support scientific and engineering applications, such as numerical weather prediction, finite element analysis, computational fluid dynamics, geophysics, computational physics, crystallography and computational chemistry. It is a popular language for high-performance computing[4] and is used for programs that benchmark and rank the world's fastest supercomputers.[5][6]
Fortran has evolved through numerous versions and dialects. In 1966, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) developed a standard for Fortran because new compilers would slightly change the syntax.[7] Nonetheless, successive versions have added support for strings (Fortran 77), structured programming, array programming, modular programming, generic programming (Fortran 90), parallel computing (Fortran 95), object-oriented programming (Fortran 2003), and concurrent programming (Fortran 2008).
Since April 2024, Fortran has ranked among the top ten languages in the TIOBE index, a measure of the popularity of programming languages.[8]
Fortran has received over 800,000 euros from Germany's Sovereign Tech Fund.[9]