Inward-rectifier potassium channel
Group of transmembrane proteins that passively transport potassium ions / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Inward-rectifier potassium channels (Kir, IRK) are a specific lipid-gated subset of potassium channels. To date, seven subfamilies have been identified in various mammalian cell types,[1] plants,[2] and bacteria.[3] They are activated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). The malfunction of the channels has been implicated in several diseases.[4][5] IRK channels possess a pore domain, homologous to that of voltage-gated ion channels, and flanking transmembrane segments (TMSs). They may exist in the membrane as homo- or heterooligomers and each monomer possesses between 2 and 4 TMSs. In terms of function, these proteins transport potassium (K+), with a greater tendency for K+ uptake than K+ export.[3] The process of inward-rectification was discovered by Denis Noble in cardiac muscle cells in 1960s[6] and by Richard Adrian and Alan Hodgkin in 1970 in skeletal muscle cells.[7]
Inward rectifier potassium channel | |||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||
Symbol | IRK | ||||||||
Pfam | PF01007 | ||||||||
Pfam clan | CL0030 | ||||||||
InterPro | IPR013521 | ||||||||
SCOP2 | 1n9p / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
TCDB | 1.A.2 | ||||||||
OPM superfamily | 8 | ||||||||
OPM protein | 3SPG | ||||||||
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