Chlordiazepoxide
Benzodiazepine class sedative and hypnotic medication / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Chlordiazepoxide, trade name Librium among others, is a sedative and hypnotic medication of the benzodiazepine class; it is used to treat anxiety, insomnia and symptoms of withdrawal from alcohol and other drugs.
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Pronunciation | /ˌklɔːrdaɪ.əzɪˈpɒksaɪd/ |
Trade names | Librium, others |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a682078 |
Dependence liability | High[1] |
Routes of administration | By mouth intramuscular |
Drug class | Benzodiazepine |
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Metabolism | Liver |
Elimination half-life | 5–30 hours (Active metabolite desmethyldiazepam 36–200 hours: other active metabolites include oxazepam) |
Excretion | Kidney |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.337 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C16H14ClN3O |
Molar mass | 299.76 g·mol−1 |
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Chlordiazepoxide has a medium to long half-life but its active metabolite has a very long half-life. The drug has amnesic, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, hypnotic, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties.[3]
Chlordiazepoxide was patented in 1958 and approved for medical use in 1960.[4] It was the first benzodiazepine to be synthesized and the discovery of chlordiazepoxide was by pure chance.[5] Chlordiazepoxide and other benzodiazepines were initially accepted with widespread public approval but were followed with widespread public disapproval and recommendations for more restrictive medical guidelines for its use.[6]