Mars 7
1973–74 USSR unmanned space mission consisting of a Mars orbiter and lander / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Mars 7 (Russian: Марс-7), also known as 3MP No.51P was a Soviet spacecraft launched in 1973 to explore Mars. A 3MP bus spacecraft which comprised the final mission of the Mars programme, it consisted of a lander and a coast stage with instruments to study Mars as it flew past. Due to a malfunction, the lander failed to perform a maneuver necessary to enter the Martian atmosphere, missing the planet and remaining in heliocentric orbit along with the coast stage.
Quick Facts Mission type, Operator ...
Mission type | Mars flyby/lander[1] |
---|---|
Operator | Lavochkin |
COSPAR ID | Bus: 1973-053A Lander: 1973-053D[2] |
SATCAT no. | Bus: 6776 Lander: 7224[2] |
Mission duration | 7 months (launch to nearest approach) |
Spacecraft properties | |
Spacecraft | 3MP No.51P |
Manufacturer | Lavochkin |
Launch mass | 3,260 kg (fueled lander and bus)[2] |
Start of mission | |
Launch date | 9 August 1973, 17:00:17 (1973-08-09UTC17:00:17Z) UTC[3] |
Rocket | Proton-K/D |
Launch site | Baikonur 81/24 |
End of mission | |
Last contact | 25 March 1974[4] |
Orbital parameters | |
Reference system | Heliocentric |
Flyby of Mars | |
Spacecraft component | Bus |
Closest approach | 9 March 1974 |
Mars flyby (failed landing) | |
Spacecraft component | Lander |
Closest approach | 9 March 1974 |
Distance | 1,300 km (810 mi) |
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