War of 1912
1912 series of protests and uprisings in Cuba / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The War of 1912 (Spanish: Levantamiento Armado de los Independientes de Color, lit. 'Armed Uprising of the Independents of Color'), also known as the Little Race War, the Negro Rebellion, or The Twelve, was a series of protests and uprisings in 1912 in Cuba, which saw conflict between Afro-Cuban rebels and the armed forces of Cuba. It took place mainly in the eastern region of the island, where most Afro-Cubans were employed. After weeks of fighting, which involved massacres of Afro-Cubans by the Cuban National Army led by General Jesus Monteagudo [es] and a U.S. military intervention to protect American companies, the rebellion was put down. The leaders of the Afro-Cuban rebels, Evaristo Estenoz [es; eu] and Pedro Ivonnet, were killed during the rebellion and their political movement, The Independent Party of Color, was dissolved. Between 3,000 and 6,000 people were killed in the rebellion.[5][6]
This article may be a rough translation from Spanish. It may have been generated, in whole or in part, by a computer or by a translator without dual proficiency. (April 2023) |
War of 1912 | |||||||
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Part of the Banana Wars | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Cuba United States | Cuban Partido Independiente de Color | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
José Miguel Gómez Lincoln Karmany |
Evaristo Estenoz † Pedro Ivonnet † | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
16[1] | 3,000–6,000 killed[2][3][4] |