Managerialism is the reliance on professional managers and organizational strategies to run an organisation. It may be justified in terms of efficiency, or characterized as an ideology.[1][2][3][4] It is a belief system that requires little or no evidence to justify itself.[ambiguous] Thomas Diefenbach[5] associates managerialism with a belief in hierarchy. Other scholars have linked managerialism to control,[6] accountability,[7] measurement, strategic planning and a belief in the importance of tightly-managed organizations.[8]
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Following Enteman's 1993 classic[according to whom?] on Managerialism: The Emergence of a New Ideology,[9]
American management experts Robert R. Locke and J. C. Spender see managerialism as an expression of a special group – management – that entrenches itself ruthlessly and systemically in an organization.[10] It deprives owners of decision-making power and workers of their ability to resist managerialism. In fact, the rise of managerialism may in itself be a response to people's resistance in society and more specifically to workers' opposition against managerial regimes.