Odisha
State in Eastern India / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:
Can you list the top facts and stats about Orissa, India?
Summarize this article for a 10 year old
Odisha (English: /əˈdɪsə/,[16] Odia: [oɽiˈsa] ⓘ), formerly Orissa (/ɒˈrɪsə, ɔː-, oʊ-/[17] the official name until 2011), is an Indian state located in Eastern India. It is the eighth-largest state by area, and the eleventh-largest by population, with over 41 million inhabitants. The state also has the third-largest population of Scheduled Tribes in India.[18] It neighbours the states of Jharkhand and West Bengal to the north, Chhattisgarh to the west, and Andhra Pradesh and Telangana to the south. Odisha has a coastline of 485 kilometres (301 mi) along the Bay of Bengal in Indian Ocean.[19] The region is also known as Utkaḷa and is mentioned by this name in India's national anthem, Jana Gana Mana.[20] The language of Odisha is Odia, which is one of the Classical languages of India.[21]
Odisha | |
---|---|
Etymology: Land of Odias | |
Nickname(s): Soul of India India’s Best Kept Secret | |
Motto: Satyameva Jayate (Truth alone triumphs) | |
Anthem: Bande Utkala Janani (I Adore Thee, O Mother Utkala) | |
Coordinates: 20.27°N 85.82°E / 20.27; 85.82 | |
Country | India |
Region | East India |
Before was | Orissa Province |
Formation | 1 April 1936; 88 years ago (1936-04-01) Odisha Day |
Capital and largest city | Bhubaneswar |
Districts | 30 (3 divisions) |
Government | |
• Body | Government of Odisha |
• Governor | Raghubar Das |
• Chief minister | Naveen Patnaik (BJD) |
State Legislature | Unicameral |
• Assembly | Odisha Legislative Assembly (147 seats) |
National Parliament | Parliament of India |
• Rajya Sabha | 10 seats |
• Lok Sabha | 21 seats |
High Court | Odisha High Court |
Area | |
• Total | 155,707 km2 (60,119 sq mi) |
• Rank | 8th |
Dimensions | |
• Length | 1,030 km (640 mi) |
• Width | 500 km (300 mi) |
Elevation | 900 m (3,000 ft) |
Highest elevation | 1,672 m (5,486 ft) |
Lowest elevation | −1 m (−3 ft) |
Population (2011)[3] | |
• Total | 41,974,218 |
• Rank | 11th |
• Density | 269/km2 (700/sq mi) |
• Urban | 16.69% |
• Rural | 83.31% |
Demonym | Odia |
Language | |
• Official | Odia, English[4] |
• Official script | Odia script |
GDP | |
• Total (2021–22) | ₹5.86 trillion (US$73 billion) |
• Rank | 15th |
• Per capita | ₹127,383 (US$1,600) (24th) |
Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
ISO 3166 code | IN-OD[6] |
Vehicle registration | OD[7] |
HDI (2018) | 0.606 Medium[8] (32nd) |
Literacy (2023) | 75.15%[9] (25th) |
Sex ratio (2023) | 1063♀/1000 ♂[10] (18th) |
Website | odisha |
Symbols of Odisha | |
Song | Bande Utkala Janani (I Adore Thee, O Mother Utkala) |
Foundation day | Utkala Dibasa |
Bird | Indian roller[11][12] |
Fish | Mahanadi mahseer[13] |
Flower | Asoka[14] |
Mammal | Sambar[14] |
Tree | Sacred Fig[14][15] |
State highway mark | |
State highway of Odisha OR SH1 – OR SH57 | |
List of Indian state symbols | |
The ancient kingdom of Kalinga, which was invaded by the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka in 261 BCE resulting in the Kalinga War, coincides with the borders of modern-day Odisha.[22] The modern boundaries of Odisha were demarcated by the Indian government when Orissa Province was established on 1 April 1936, consisting of the Odia-speaking districts of Bihar and Orissa Province.[22] The 1st of April is celebrated as Utkala Dibasa (lit. 'Odisha Day').[23] Cuttack was made the capital of the region by Anantavarman Chodaganga in c. 1135,[24] after which the city was used as the capital by many rulers, through the British era until 1948. Thereafter, Bhubaneswar became the capital of Odisha.[25] The economy of Odisha is the 16th-largest state economy in India with ₹5.86 trillion (US$73 billion) in gross domestic product and a per capita GDP of ₹127,383 (US$1,600).[5] Odisha ranks 32nd among Indian states in Human Development Index.[26]