Tetrahydrobiopterin
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Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4, THB), also known as sapropterin (INN),[5][6] is a cofactor of the three aromatic amino acid hydroxylase enzymes,[7] used in the degradation of amino acid phenylalanine and in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), melatonin, dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), epinephrine (adrenaline), and is a cofactor for the production of nitric oxide (NO) by the nitric oxide synthases.[8][9] Chemically, its structure is that of a (dihydropteridine reductase) reduced pteridine derivative (quinonoid dihydrobiopterin).[10][citation needed]
"BH4" redirects here. For the anion, see Borohydride. For the edition of the Hebrew Bible, see Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia.
Quick Facts Clinical data, Trade names ...
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Trade names | Kuvan, Biopten |
Other names | Sapropterin hydrochloride (JAN JP), Sapropterin dihydrochloride (USAN US) |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a608020 |
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Routes of administration | By mouth |
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Elimination half-life | 4 hours (healthy adults) 6–7 hours (PKU patients) |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.164.121 |
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Formula | C9H15N5O3 |
Molar mass | 241.251 g·mol−1 |
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