The Ruin (Ukrainian history)
Tumultuous period in Ukrainian history from 1659 to 1686 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Ruin (Ukrainian: Руїна, romanized: Ruyina) is a historical term introduced by the Cossack chronicle writer Samiilo Velychko (1670–1728) for the political situation in Ukrainian history during the second half of the 17th century.
This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (July 2021) |
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The Ruin | ||||||||
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Belligerents | ||||||||
Right-bank Ukraine Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth |
Ottoman Ukraine (from 1669) Ottoman Empire (from 1669) |
Left-bank Ukraine Tsardom of Russia | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | ||||||||
Ottoman Hetmans: |
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The timeframe of the period varies among historians:
- Some historians such as Mykola Kostomarov define the period between 1663 and 1687, associating it with the three Moscow-appointed hetmans of Left-bank Ukraine (Briukhovetsky, Mnohohrishny and Samoylovych).
- Other historians interpret the period between 1660 and 1687 from the Chudniv Treaty that led to division among the Cossack community.
- Borys Krupnytsky considered the timeframe as 1657–1687, from the death of hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky in 1657, particularly the Pushkar-Barabash Mutiny, until the ascension of hetman Ivan Mazepa in 1687.
The period was characterised by continuous strife, civil war, and foreign intervention by neighbours of Ukraine. A Ukrainian saying of the time, "Від Богдана до Івана не було гетьмана" (From Bohdan to Ivan there was no hetman [in between]), accurately summarises the chaotic events of this period.