User:Mr. Ibrahem/Achilles tendon rupture
Medical condition were the tendon at the back of the ankle breaks / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Achilles tendon rupture is when the Achilles tendon, at the back of the ankle, breaks.[5] Symptoms include the sudden onset of sharp pain in the heel.[3] A snapping sound may be heard as the tendon breaks and walking becomes difficult.[4]
Achilles tendon rupture | |
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Other names | Achilles tendon tear,[1] Achilles rupture[2] |
The achilles tendon | |
Specialty | Orthopedics, emergency medicine |
Symptoms | Pain in the heel[3] |
Usual onset | Sudden[3] |
Causes | Forced plantar flexion of the foot, direct trauma, long-standing tendonitis[4] |
Risk factors | Fluoroquinolones, significant change in exercise, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, corticosteroids[1][5] |
Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms and examination, supported by medical imaging[5] |
Differential diagnosis | Achilles tendinitis, ankle sprain, avulsion fracture of the calcaneus[5] |
Treatment | Casting or surgery[6][5] |
Frequency | 1 per 10,000 people per year[5] |
Rupture typically occurs as a result of a sudden bending up of the foot when the calf muscle is engaged, direct trauma, or long-standing tendonitis.[4][5] Other risk factors include the use of fluoroquinolones, a significant change in exercise, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, or corticosteroid use.[1][5] Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms and examination and supported by medical imaging.[5]
Prevention may include stretching before activity.[4] Treatment may be by surgery repair or casting with the toes somewhat pointed down.[6][2] Relatively rapid return to weight bearing (within 4 weeks) appears okay.[6][7] While surgery traditionally results in a small decrease in the risk of re-rupture, the risk of other complications is greater.[2] Additionally rapid rehabilitation may remove this difference in ruptures.[2] If appropriate treatment does not occur within 4 weeks of the injury outcomes are not as good.[8]
Achilles tendon rupture occurs in about 1 per 10,000 people per year.[5] Males are more commonly affected than females.[1] People in their 30s to 50s are most commonly affected.[5] The tendon itself was named in 1693 after the Greek hero Achilles.[9]