User:Mr. Ibrahem/Etomidate
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Etomidate, sold as Amidate among others, is a medication used to start general anaesthesia and for sedation for procedures such as joint reduction, cardioversion, or tracheal intubation.[1] Onset of effects is within a minute and last up to 10 minutes.[1] It is given by slow injection into a vein.[1][3]
Clinical data | |
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Trade names | Amidate, Hypnomidate, others |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
License data | |
Routes of administration | Intravenous[1] |
Drug class | Nonbarbiturate hypnotic[2] |
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Pharmacokinetic data | |
Protein binding | 76% |
Metabolism | Ester hydrolysis in plasma and liver |
Onset of action | Within 1 min[1] |
Elimination half-life | 75 minutes |
Duration of action | Up to 10 min[1] |
Excretion | Urine (85%) and Bile duct (15%) |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C14H16N2O2 |
Molar mass | 244.294 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
Melting point | 67 °C (153 °F) |
Boiling point | 392 °C (738 °F) |
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Common side effects include pain at the site of injection and skeletal muscle movement.[1] Other side effects may include apnea, low blood pressure, vomiting, adrenal insufficiency, and increased salivation.[3] Thought, it is generally stable from a blood pressure point of view.[4] Muscle movements may be decreased with the use of fentanyl.[1] Breastfeeding after use is safe.[5] People are advised not to drive for at least 24 hours after use.[3] It works by binding to GABA receptors.[4]
Etomidate was developed in 1964 and was approved for medical use in 1972 in Europe and in 1982 in the United States.[6][7][1] It is avaliable as a generic medication.[8] In the United Kingdom, it costs the NHS about 1.4 pound per 2 mg dose as of 2020.[3]