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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ohm's law applies to electrical circuits; it states[1] that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference or voltage across the two points, and inversely proportional to the resistance between them.
The mathematical equation that describes this relationship is:[2]
where:
I is the current in units of amperes (often shortened to "amps").
V is the potential difference measured across the resistance in units of volts. The potential difference is also known as the voltage drop, and is sometimes denoted by U, E or EMF (electromotive force) instead of V.[3]
R is a circuit parameter called the resistance in units of ohms. The ohm is usually represented by the Greek letter capital omega (Ω) and is equivalent to "volts per ampere".
The law was named after the German physicist Georg Ohm, who, in a treatise published in 1827, described measurements of applied voltage and current through simple electrical circuits containing various lengths of wire. He presented a slightly more complex equation than the one above (see History section below) to explain his experimental results. The above equation is the modern form of Ohm's law.