Vincristine
Chemical compound; chemotherapy medication / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Vincristine, also known as leurocristine and marketed under the brand name Oncovin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer.[5] This includes acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, neuroblastoma, and small cell lung cancer among others.[5] It is given intravenously.[5]
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Pronunciation | /ˈvɪnˈkrɪstiːn/ ⓘ[1] |
Trade names | Oncovin, Vincasar, Marqibo, others[2] |
Other names | leurocristine ki |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a682822 |
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Routes of administration | intravenous |
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Bioavailability | n/a (not reliably absorbed by the GI tract)[3] |
Protein binding | ~44%[4] |
Metabolism | Liver, mostly via CYP3A4 and CYP3A5[3] |
Elimination half-life | 19 to 155 hours (mean: 85 hours)[3] |
Excretion | Faeces (70–80%), urine (10–20%)[3] |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.289 |
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Formula | C46H56N4O10 |
Molar mass | 824.972 g·mol−1 |
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Most people experience some side effects from vincristine treatment.[5] Commonly it causes a change in sensation, hair loss, constipation, difficulty walking, and headaches.[5] Serious side effects may include neuropathic pain, lung damage, or low white blood cells which increases the risk of infection.[5] Use during pregnancy may result in birth defects.[5] It works by stopping cells from dividing properly.[5] It is vital that it not be given intrathecally, as this may kill.[6]
Vincristine was first isolated in 1961.[7] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[8][9] It is a vinca alkaloid that can be obtained from the Madagascar periwinkle Catharanthus roseus.[7]