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Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAAR1 gene.[1] TAAR1 is an amine-activated Gs-coupled(英语:Gs alpha subunit) and Gq-coupled(英语:Gq alpha subunit) G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is primarily located in several peripheral organs, lymphocytes, astrocytes, and in the intracellular compartments within the presynaptic plasma membrane (i.e., axon terminal(英语:axon terminal)) of monoamine neurons in the central nervous system (CNS).[2][3][4] TAAR1 was discovered in 2001 by two independent groups of investigators, Borowski et al. and Bunzow et al.[5][6] TAAR1 is one of six functional trace amine-associated receptors in humans, which are so named for their ability to bind endogenous amines that occur in tissues at trace concentrations.[7][8] TAAR1 plays a significant role in regulating neurotransmission(英语:neurotransmission) in dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin neurons in the CNS;[7][3] it also affects immune system and neuroimmune system(英语:neuroimmune system) function through different mechanisms.[9][10][11][12]
Trace amine associated receptor 1 | |||
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标识 | |||
代号 | TAAR1; TA1; TAR1; TRAR1 | ||
扩展标识 | 遗传学:609333 鼠基因:2148258 同源基因:24938 IUPHAR: TA1 ChEMBL: 5857 GeneCards: TAAR1 Gene | ||
RNA表达模式 | |||
更多表达数据 | |||
直系同源体 | |||
物种 | 人类 | 小鼠 | |
Entrez | 134864 | 111174 | |
Ensembl | ENSG00000146399 | ENSMUSG00000056379 | |
UniProt | Q96RJ0 | Q923Y8 | |
mRNA序列 | NM_138327 | NM_053205 | |
蛋白序列 | NP_612200 | NP_444435 | |
基因位置 |
Chr 6: 132.64 – 132.65 Mb |
Chr 10: 23.92 – 23.92 Mb | |
PubMed查询 | [1] | [2] | |
The primary endogenous ligands of the human TAAR1 receptor, by rank order of potency, are:
tyramine > β-phenethylamine > dopamine = octopamine(英语:octopamine (neurotransmitter)).[2]