Amikacin
Antibiotic medication / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Amikacin is an antibiotic medication used for a number of bacterial infections.[9] This includes joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, meningitis, pneumonia, sepsis, and urinary tract infections.[9] It is also used for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.[10] It is used by injection into a vein using an IV or into a muscle.[9]
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Trade names | Amikin, Amiglyde-V, Arikayce, others |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a682661 |
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Routes of administration | Intramuscular, intravenous, inhalation |
Drug class | Aminoglycoside |
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Bioavailability | >90%[8] |
Protein binding | 0–11% |
Metabolism | Mostly unmetabolized |
Elimination half-life | 2–3 hours |
Excretion | Kidney |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.048.653 |
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Formula | C22H43N5O13 |
Molar mass | 585.608 g·mol−1 |
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Amikacin, like other aminoglycoside antibiotics, can cause hearing loss, balance problems, and kidney problems.[9] Other side effects include paralysis, resulting in the inability to breathe.[9] If used during pregnancy it may cause permanent deafness in the baby.[9][1] Amikacin works by blocking the function of the bacteria's 30S ribosomal subunit, making it unable to produce proteins.[9]
Amikacin was patented in 1971, and came into commercial use in 1976.[11][12] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[13] It is derived from kanamycin.[9]