Streptococcus oralis
Species of bacterium / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Streptococcus oralis is a Gram positive viridans streptococcus of the Streptococcus mitis group.[2][3] S. oralis is one of the pioneer species associated with eubiotic dental pellicle biofilms, and can be found in high numbers on most oral surfaces.[4][5] It has been, however, found to be an opportunistic pathogen as well.[2]
Streptococcus oralis | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Bacteria |
Phylum: | Bacillota |
Class: | Bacilli |
Order: | Lactobacillales |
Family: | Streptococcaceae |
Genus: | Streptococcus |
Species: | S. oralis |
Binomial name | |
Streptococcus oralis Bridge and Sneath 1982[1] | |
Individual cells of S. oralis are arranged into characteristic long chains when viewing subcultures under a microscope.[6] It is a non-motile, non-sporulating facultative anaerobe.[7] The optimal culturing temperature range for S. oralis is 35 - 37°C, with growth observed between 10 - 45°C.[7][8][9] Blood agars selective for streptococci, such as brain heart infusion blood agar, are optimal for culturing S. oralis as these plates highlight its α-haemolysis, but nutrient agars such as trypticase soy agar or Wilkins-Chalgren anaerobe agar can support its growth also.[7][8] S. oralis colonies are white, grey, or colourless; translucent; smooth; entire; raised cluster colonies 0.5-2.0 mm in diameter.[9]
S. oralis is catalase negative and oxidase negative.[7] Strains of S. oralis produce neuraminidase and cannot bind α-amylase.[2][7][8] S. oralis is also acid-sensitive, producing alkaline metabolites to ameliorate its niche.[10]