Ihe nrite Nobel na Physiologi ma ọ bụ Medisin
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Àtụ:Infobox award Nrite Nobel na Physiology ma ọ bụ ọgwụ (Swedish: Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin) bụ ndị ọgbakọ Nobel na ụlọ akwụkwọ Karolinska na-enye onyinye kwa afọ maka nchọpụta pụtara ìhè na physiology ma ọ bụ ọgwụ. Nrite Nobel abụghị otu ihe nrite, kama ihe nrite ise dị iche iche nke, dị ka Alfred Nobel's 1895 ga-esi kwuo, a na-enye "ndị, n'ime afọ gara aga, nyeworo ihe a kpọrọ mmadụ uru kasịnụ". A na-enye ihe nrite Nobel n'ihe gbasara Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace.
A na-enye ihe nrite Nobel kwa afọ na ncheta ọnwụ Alfred Nobel, 10 Disemba. Dị ka nke 2022, 114 Nobel Prizes na Physiology ma ọ bụ nkà mmụta ọgwụ ka enyerela ndị mmeri 226, ụmụ nwoke 214 na ụmụ nwanyị 12. Enyere nke mbụ na 1901 nye onye German physiologist, Emil von Behring, maka ọrụ ya na ọgwụgwọ serum na mmepe nke ọgwụ mgbochi diphtheria. Nwanyị mbụ nwetara Nrite Nobel na Physiology or Medicine, Gerty Cori, nwetara ya na 1947 maka ọrụ ya n'ịkọwapụta metabolism nke glucose, dị mkpa n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke ọgwụ, gụnyere ọgwụgwọ ọrịa shuga. Karolinska Institute kwuputara ihe nrite Nobel kacha nso nso a na 3 Ọktoba 2022 ma nye ya Svante Pääbo Swedish, maka nchọpụta gbasara mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke hominins na mgbanwe mmadụ.[1]
Ihe nrite ahụ nwere ihe nrite tinyere diplọma na asambodo maka onyinye ego. Akụkụ ihu nke ihe nrite ahụ gosipụtara otu profaịlụ nke Alfred Nobel gosipụtara na ihe nrite maka Physics, Chemistry, na Literature; akụkụ azụ bụ ihe pụrụ iche na ihe nrise a.
Ụfọdụ ihe nrite abụwo arụmụka. Nke a gụnyere otu nye António Egas Moniz na 1949 maka prefrontal lobotomy, nke enyere n'agbanyeghị mkpesa sitere na ụlọ ọrụ ahụike. Esemokwu ndị ọzọ sitere na nghọtahie gbasara onye etinyere na ihe nrite ahụ. Ihe nrite 1952 nyere Selman Waksman gbara akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ikpe, na ọkara ikike ikike e nyere onye ọrụ ya Albert Schatz onye na-enwetaghị ihe nrite ahụ. Enweghị ike ịnye ihe nrite Nobel mgbe ọ nwụsịrị. Ọzọkwa, ọ dịghị ihe karịrị ndị nnata atọ nwere ike ịnata Nrite Nobel na Physiology ma ọ bụ ọgwụ, mmachi nke a na-atụle mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka mmụba na-arịwanye elu maka ndị otu buru ibu na-eduzi ọrụ sayensị dị mkpa.