Xenon is a non-metal chemical element. It has the chemical symbol Xe and atomic number 54. It is one of the few elements that are a gas at the standard temperature and pressure.
Quick Facts Pronunciation, Appearance ...
Xenon, 00XeA xenon-filled discharge tube glowing light blue |
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Pronunciation | |
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Appearance | colorless gas, exhibiting a blue glow when placed in an electric field |
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| 131.293(6)[3] |
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in the Earth's crust | 2 × 10-9% |
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in the solar system | 1.56 × 10-8% |
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Group | group 18 (noble gases) |
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Period | period 5 |
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Block | p-block |
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Electron configuration | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6 |
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Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 18, 8 |
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Phase at STP | gas |
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Melting point | 161.40 K (−111.75 °C, −169.15 °F) |
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Boiling point | 165.051 K (−108.099 °C, −162.578 °F) |
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Density (at STP) | 5.894 g/L |
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when liquid (at b.p.) | 2.942 g/cm3[4] |
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Triple point | 161.405 K, 81.77 kPa[5] |
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Critical point | 289.733 K, 5.842 MPa[5] |
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Heat of fusion | 2.27 kJ/mol |
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Heat of vaporization | 12.64 kJ/mol |
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Molar heat capacity | 21.01[6] J/(mol·K) |
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Vapor pressure
P (Pa) |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
at T (K) |
83 |
92 |
103 |
117 |
137 |
165 |
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Oxidation states | 0, +2, +4, +6, +8 (rarely more than 0; a weakly acidic oxide) |
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Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 2.6 |
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Ionization energies | - 1st: 1170.4 kJ/mol
- 2nd: 2046.4 kJ/mol
- 3rd: 3099.4 kJ/mol
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Covalent radius | 140±9 pm |
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Van der Waals radius | 216 pm |
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Spectral lines of xenon |
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Natural occurrence | primordial |
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Crystal structure | face-centered cubic (fcc) |
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Speed of sound | gas: 178 m·s−1 liquid: 1090 m/s |
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Thermal conductivity | 5.65×10−3 W/(m⋅K) |
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Magnetic ordering | diamagnetic[7] |
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Molar magnetic susceptibility | −43.9×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[8] |
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CAS Number | 7440-63-3 |
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Discovery and first isolation | William Ramsay and Morris Travers (1898) |
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Main isotopes[9] |
Decay |
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abundance |
half-life (t1/2) |
mode |
product |
124Xe |
0.095% |
1.8×1022 y[10] |
εε |
124Te |
125Xe |
synth |
16.9 h |
ε |
125I |
126Xe |
0.0890% |
stable |
127Xe |
synth |
36.345 d |
ε |
127I |
128Xe |
1.91% |
stable |
129Xe |
26.4% |
stable |
130Xe |
4.07% |
stable |
131Xe |
21.2% |
stable |
132Xe |
26.9% |
stable |
133Xe |
synth |
5.247 d |
β− |
133Cs |
134Xe |
10.4% |
stable |
135Xe |
synth |
9.14 h |
β− |
135Cs |
136Xe |
8.86% |
2.165×1021 y[11][12] |
β−β− |
136Ba |
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Category: Xenon | references |
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