Sodium bicarbonate
Chemical compound / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Quick Facts Names, Identifiers ...
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Names | |||
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IUPAC name
sodium hydrogencarbonate | |||
Other names
Baking soda, bicarb (laboratory slang), bicarbonate of soda, nahcolite, natrium hydrogen carbonate, natron | |||
Identifiers | |||
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3D model (JSmol) |
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4153970 | |||
ChEBI | |||
ChEMBL | |||
ChemSpider |
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DrugBank |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.005.122 | ||
EC Number |
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E number | E500(ii) (acidity regulators, ...) | ||
KEGG |
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MeSH | Sodium+bicarbonate | ||
PubChem CID |
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |||
NaHCO 3 | |||
Molar mass | 84.0066 g mol−1 | ||
Appearance | White crystals | ||
Odor | Odorless | ||
Density |
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Melting point | (Decomposes to sodium carbonate starting at 50 °C[1][2]) | ||
Solubility | 0.02 wt% acetone, 2.13 wt% methanol @22 °C.[5] insoluble in ethanol | ||
log P | −0.82 | ||
Acidity (pKa) | |||
Refractive index (nD) |
nα = 1.377 nβ = 1.501 nγ = 1.583 | ||
Structure | |||
Monoclinic | |||
Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C) |
87.6 J/mol K[7] | ||
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
101.7 J/mol K[7] | ||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−950.8 kJ/mol[7] | ||
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵) |
−851.0 kJ/mol[7] | ||
Pharmacology | |||
B05CB04 (WHO) B05XA02 (WHO), QG04BQ01 (WHO) | |||
Intravenous, oral | |||
Hazards | |||
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |||
Main hazards |
Causes serious eye irritation | ||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Flash point | Incombustible | ||
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose) |
4220 mg/kg (rat, oral)[8] | ||
Safety data sheet (SDS) | External MSDS | ||
Related compounds | |||
Other anions |
Sodium carbonate | ||
Other cations |
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Related compounds |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Not to be confused with Sodium carbonate.
For the leavening agent of which baking soda is a common ingredient, see Baking powder.
Sodium bicarbonate (IUPAC name: sodium hydrogencarbonate[9]), commonly known as baking soda or bicarbonate of soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3. It is a salt composed of a sodium cation (Na+) and a bicarbonate anion (HCO3−). Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline but often appears as a fine powder. It has a slightly salty, alkaline taste resembling that of washing soda (sodium carbonate). The natural mineral form is nahcolite. It is a component of the mineral natron and is found dissolved in many mineral springs.[10]