Bioprecipitation
Bacterial rain-making process / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Bioprecipitation is the concept of rain-making bacteria and was proposed by David Sands from Montana State University in the 1970s.[1] This is precipitation that is beneficial for microbial and plant growth, it is a feedback cycle beginning with land plants generating small air-borne particles call aerosols that contain microorganisms that influences the formation of clouds by their ice nucleation properties. [2] The formation of ice in clouds is required for snow and most rainfall. Dust and soot particles can serve as ice nuclei, but biological ice nuclei are capable of catalyzing freezing at much warmer temperatures.[3] The ice-nucleating bacteria currently known are mostly plant pathogens. Recent research suggests that bacteria may be present in clouds as part of an evolved process of dispersal.[4]
Ice-nucleating proteins derived from ice-nucleating bacteria are used for snowmaking. A symbiotic relationship between sulphate reducing, lead reducing, sulphur oxidizing, and denitrifying bacteria was found to be responsible for biotransformation and bioprecipitation. [5]