Body image disturbance
Altered perception of one's body image / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Body image disturbance (BID) is a common symptom in patients with eating disorders and is characterized by an altered perception of one's own body.
Body image disturbance | |
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Specialty | Psychiatry, psychology |
Symptoms | Altered body self-perception, body uneasiness, body dissatisfaction, body-checking behavior |
Complications | Eating disorders |
Usual onset | Early adolescence |
Risk factors | Body dissatisfaction, childhood neglect, childhood abuse |
Diagnostic method | EDI-3, body uneasiness test, clinical diagnosis, Visual Size Estimation Task, 3D Morphing |
Differential diagnosis | Body dysmorphic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder |
Prevention | Positive body image, good self-esteem, healthy eating behaviors |
Treatment | Psychotherapy Psychiatric rehabilitation |
The onset is mainly attributed to patients with anorexia nervosa who persistently tend to subjectively discern themselves as average or overweight despite adequate, clinical grounds for a classification of being considerably or severely underweight.[1] The symptom is an altered perception of one's body and a severe state of bodily dissatisfaction characterizing the body image disturbance. It is included among the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa in DSM-5 (criterion C).[2]
The disturbance is associated with significant bodily dissatisfaction and is a source of severe distress, often persisting even after seeking treatment for an eating disorder,[3][4] and is regarded as difficult to treat.[3][5] Thus, effective body image interventions could improve the prognosis of patients with ED, as experts have suggested.[6] However, there is no hard evidence that current treatments for body image disturbance effectively reduce eating disorder symptoms.[7][8] Furthermore, pharmacotherapy is ineffective in reducing body misperception and it has been used to focus on correlated psychopathology (e.g., mood or anxiety disorders).[9] However, to date, research and clinicians are developing new therapies such as virtual reality experiences,[10][11] mirror exposure,[12] or multisensory integration body techniques,[13][14][5] which have shown some extent of efficacy.