Draft:Apartheid South Africa
Period in the history South Africa. / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Apartheid South Africa, officially the Union of South Africa to 1961 and Republic of South Africa from 1961, was the former government of South Africa that existed from 1948 to 1994. The country was unified in 1910 after British Empire granted a de facto independence via South Africa Act, 1909. The republic was declared in 1961 after the referendum in favor of abandoning the Commonwealth and became a republic. It borders South Atlantic and Indian Ocean to the south; Angola (Portuguese colony before 1975), Zimbabwe (Southern Rhodesia before 1980), and Zambia (Northern Rhodesia before 1964) to the north; Swaziland (British colony before 1968) and Mozambique (Portuguese colony before 1975) in northeast; and its surrounds Lesotho (Basutoland before 1966) and Botswana (Bechuanaland before 1966).
Submission declined on 22 July 2022 by Greenman (talk). This draft's references do not show that the subject qualifies for a Wikipedia article. In summary, the draft needs multiple published sources that are:
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Submission declined on 17 July 2021 by DoubleGrazing (talk). This submission is not adequately supported by reliable sources. Reliable sources are required so that information can be verified. If you need help with referencing, please see Referencing for beginners and Citing sources. This draft's references do not show that the subject qualifies for a Wikipedia article. In summary, the draft needs multiple published sources that are:
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Submission declined on 30 April 2021 by Greenman (talk). The proposed article does not have sufficient content to require an article of its own, but it could be merged into the existing article at Republic of South Africa (1961-1994). Since anyone can edit Wikipedia, you are welcome to add that information yourself. Thank you. |
- Comment: Primary notability concern not addressed. Sources do not indicate that there was a "first republic", or that the republic ceased to exist in 1994. Greenman (talk) 19:06, 22 July 2022 (UTC)
- Comment: 1) Firstly, the referencing is wholly inadequate: 15 citations in an article of this magnitude is nowhere near enough, leaving large parts unsupported.2) Secondly, please highlight clearly those sources which expressly discuss the concept of 'First Republic', so that the whole basis of this article can be verified, and notability established.3) Thirdly, the article is clearly unfinished, with several empty sections. DoubleGrazing (talk) 05:18, 17 July 2021 (UTC)
- Comment: Have you discussed with others about the basis for the article yet? Greenman (talk) 23:35, 25 May 2021 (UTC)
- Comment: The basis for this article is in question. The first line states that "The Republic of South Africa is predecessor to the present-day South Africa" which is not true - the Republic of South Africa still exists, although it did have a rather large change of government and system from 1994. I suggest first reaching consensus on Wikipedia:WikiProject South Africa and the South Africa page on where to integrate the contents here. Greenman (talk) 20:06, 30 April 2021 (UTC)
Union of South Africa (1948–1961) Republic of South Africa (1961–1994) | |||||||||||||
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1948–1994 | |||||||||||||
Motto: Ex Unitate Vires (Latin for "From Unity, Strength") | |||||||||||||
Anthem: "Die Stem van Suid-Afrika" (English: "The Call of South Africa") | |||||||||||||
Capital | Cape Town (legislative) Pretoria (administrative) Bloemfontein (judicial) Pietermaritzburg (archival) | ||||||||||||
Largest city | Johannesburg[1][2] | ||||||||||||
Official languages | Afrikaans English | ||||||||||||
Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy (1948-1961) Unitary parliamentary republic (1961-1984) Unitary presidential republic (1984–1994) | ||||||||||||
State President | |||||||||||||
• 1961–1967 (first) | C. R. Swart | ||||||||||||
• 1989–1994 (last) | F. W. de Klerk | ||||||||||||
Prime Minister | |||||||||||||
• 1961–1966 (first) | Hendrik Verwoerd | ||||||||||||
• 1978–1984 (last) | P. W. Botha | ||||||||||||
Legislature | Parliament (1948-1984) Tricameral Parliament (1984-1994) | ||||||||||||
Senate (dissolved 1981) | |||||||||||||
House of Assembly | |||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||
• Apartheid starts | 1948 | ||||||||||||
31 May 1961 | |||||||||||||
31 May 1961 | |||||||||||||
26 August 1966 | |||||||||||||
26 March 1970 | |||||||||||||
3 September 1984 | |||||||||||||
21 March 1990 | |||||||||||||
17 March 1992 | |||||||||||||
27 April 1994 | |||||||||||||
27 April 1994 | |||||||||||||
Area | |||||||||||||
1961 | 2,045,320 km2 (789,700 sq mi) | ||||||||||||
Population | |||||||||||||
• 1961 | 18,216,000 | ||||||||||||
Currency | South African Pound (1948-1961) South African rand (1961–1994) | ||||||||||||
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Today part of | Namibia South Africa |
The territory consisted of 4 British colonies that was unified into one country; Cape Colony, Natal Colony, Orange River Colony, and Transvaal Colony. The four colonies were later unified after the British Empire passed South Africa Act of 1909 which created the Union of South Africa. The colonial administration was later transferred to provincial council. South West Africa was added to the territory later after the end of First World War administrated as League of Nations Mandate.
After the Afrikaner nationalist party, National Party rise to power in 1948[3], there are subsequent rise of Anglophobia within the country among Afrikaner nationalists which support secession of South Africa from the Commonwealth. The sentiment later triggered a referendum in 1961 that reserved for Whites only, which resulted the creation of the republic with majority of Afrikaners voted yes and English South Africans voted no.[4][5][6] After the referendum; Charles Robberts Swart, who was the Governor-General at that time asked Queen Elizabeth II to dismiss him from the position of Governor-General and Swart becomes the first State President of South Africa after the parliamentary vote and was inaugurated in 31 May 1961.[7]
Johannesburg was the largest city in the country while the executive capital located in Pretoria; legislative seat in Cape Town (Second largest city after Johannesburg]]; and Bloemfontein as the judicial seat. Since its transition to republic in 1961, South Africa has been ruled by white minorities and implemented the segregationist policy called apartheid which faced nationwide and international condemnation which triggered South African Border War and Internal resistance to apartheid movement. Most of the government Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branch has been dominated by white minorities. Until 1980, South Africa was one of two African nations under white minority rule along with Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) which later was transferred to black majority rule in 1980. Namibia was given independence later in 1990, ending the 75 years of South African occupation in the region. The racial segregation policy would come to an end in 1992 with a referendum in favor of abolishing the apartheid system and the first multi-racial election was held in 1994 with Nelson Mandela as winner and first black majority president in the country.