Dual photon
Hypothetical particle dual to the photon / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:
Can you list the top facts and stats about Dual photon?
Summarize this article for a 10 year old
In theoretical physics, the dual photon is a hypothetical elementary particle that is a dual of the photon under electric–magnetic duality which is predicted by some theoretical models,[3][4][5] including M-theory.[1][2]
Composition | Elementary particle |
---|---|
Statistics | Bosonic |
Family | Gauge boson |
Interactions | Electromagnetic |
Status | Hypothetical |
Theorized | 2000s[1][2][3][4][5] |
Electric charge | 0 e |
Spin | 1 |
It has been shown that including magnetic monopole in Maxwell's equations introduces a singularity. The only way to avoid the singularity is to include a second four-vector potential, called dual photon, in addition to the usual four-vector potential, photon.[6] Additionally, it is found that the standard Lagrangian of electromagnetism is not dual symmetric (i.e. symmetric under rotation between electric and magnetic charges) which causes problems for the energy–momentum, spin, and orbital angular momentum tensors. To resolve this issue, a dual symmetric Lagrangian of electromagnetism has been proposed,[3] which has a self-consistent separation of the spin and orbital degrees of freedom. The Poincaré symmetries imply that the dual electromagnetism naturally makes self-consistent conservation laws.[3]