Emperor of the Two Religions
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Emperor of the Two Religions[lower-alpha 1] (Arabic: al-Imbraṭūr dhū-l-Millatayn[lower-alpha 2]) was a titled reportedly used by King Alfonso VI of León and Castile after 1085. While Alfonso used the title Emperor of All Spain from at least 1077, the evidence for his adoption of a specific title referring to Christianity and Islam after 1085 is late and scholars are divided on its reliability.
The title refers to Alfonso's position as paramount ruler in Spain in 1085–86. He directly ruled over the Christian kingdoms of León and Castile, including the ancient Visigothic capital of Toledo, and also extracted tribute (parias) from the petty Muslim rulers of al-Andalus.