Ivan III of Russia
Grand Prince of Moscow from 1462 to 1505 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Ivan III Vasilyevich (Russian: Иван III Васильевич; 22 January 1440 – 27 October 1505), also known as Ivan the Great,[note 1][1][2][3] was Grand Prince of Moscow and all Russia from 1462 until his death in 1505.[note 2][8][9][10][11][12][13] Ivan served as the co-ruler and regent for his blind father Vasily II before he officially ascended the throne.
Ivan III | |
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Sovereign of all Russia | |
Grand Prince of Moscow and all Russia | |
Reign | 28 March 1462 – 27 October 1505 |
Predecessor | Vasily II |
Successor | Vasily III |
Co-monarch |
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Born | 22 January 1440 Moscow, Grand Duchy of Moscow |
Died | 27 October 1505(1505-10-27) (aged 65) Moscow, Grand Duchy of Moscow |
Burial | |
Consort | |
Issue more... | |
House | Rurik |
Father | Vasily II of Moscow |
Mother | Maria of Borovsk |
Religion | Russian Orthodox |
He multiplied the territory of his state through conquest, purchase, inheritance and the seizure of lands from his dynastic relatives, and laid the foundations of the centralized Russian state.[14][15][16] He also renovated the Moscow Kremlin and introduced a new legal code.[17][18] Ivan is credited with ending the dominance of the Tatars over Russia;[19] his victory over the Great Horde in 1480 formally restored its independence.[20][21]
Ivan began using the title tsar,[22] and used the title tentatively until the Habsburgs recognized it.[23] While officially using "tsar" in his correspondence with other monarchs,[24][25] he was satisfied with the title of grand prince at home.[26] Through marriage to Sophia Palaiologina, Ivan made the double-headed eagle Russia's coat of arms, and adopted the idea of Moscow as the third Rome. His 43-year reign[27] was the second-longest in Russian history, after that of his grandson Ivan IV.