Ivermectin
Medication for parasite infestations / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Ivermectin is an antiparasitic drug.[6] After its discovery in 1975,[7] its first uses were in veterinary medicine to prevent and treat heartworm and acariasis.[8] Approved for human use in 1987,[9] it is used to treat infestations including head lice, scabies, river blindness (onchocerciasis), strongyloidiasis, trichuriasis, ascariasis and lymphatic filariasis.[8][10][11][12] It works through many mechanisms to kill the targeted parasites,[10] and can be taken by mouth, or applied to the skin for external infestations.[10][13] It belongs to the avermectin family of medications.[10]
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Pronunciation | /ˌaɪvərˈmɛktɪn/, EYE-vər-MEK-tin |
Trade names | Stromectol, Soolantra, Sklice, others |
Other names | MK-933 |
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MedlinePlus | a607069 |
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Routes of administration | By mouth, topical |
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Bioavailability | not determined |
Protein binding | 93% |
Metabolism | Liver (CYP450) |
Elimination half-life | 18 hours |
Excretion | Feces; <1% urine |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.067.738 |
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Formula | C 48H 74O 14 (22,23-dihydroavermectin B1a) C 47H 72O 14 (22,23-dihydroavermectin B1b) |
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William Campbell and Satoshi Ōmura won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for its discovery and applications.[14] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines,[15][16] and is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as an antiparasitic agent.[17] In 2021, it was the 341st most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 100,000 prescriptions.[18] It is available as a generic medicine.[19][20]
During the COVID-19 pandemic, misinformation has been widely spread claiming that ivermectin is beneficial for treating and preventing COVID-19.[21][22] Such claims are not backed by credible scientific evidence.[23][24][25] Multiple major health organizations, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration,[26] the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,[27] the European Medicines Agency,[28] and the World Health Organization have stated that ivermectin is not authorized or approved to treat COVID-19.[24][29]