Khâgne
Two-year academic program in the French "post-bac" system / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Khâgne (French pronunciation: [kaɲ]), officially known as classes préparatoires littéraires, is a two-year academic program in the French “post-bac” (≈undergraduate) system, with a specialization in literature and the humanities.[1] It is one of the three main types of Classe préparatoire aux grandes écoles (CPGE, informally classe prépa),[2] contrasting with other CPGE majors such as Maths Sup [fr] in mathematics and engineering, or Prépa HEC [fr] in the business domain.
Strictly speaking, the word khâgne refers to the final year of that program. In fact, the course articulates into two years with separate names:
- year 1: officially Lettres Supérieures, casually hypokhâgne[3]
- year 2 (+3 +4): officially Première Supérieure, casually khâgne[4]
The two-year program as a whole is commonly called hypokhâgne-khâgne [ipokaɲˈkaɲ], or simply khâgne.
In 2020, about 130 lycées scattered across France proposed hypokhâgne classes (1st year), and at least 30 had a khâgne (2nd year).[5] Historically famous institutions for preparing the khâgne program – some since the 19th century – include prestigious lycées in Paris (lycées Henri IV, Louis-le-Grand, Condorcet, Fénelon, Janson-de-Sailly…), around Paris (Lycée Lakanal in Sceaux, Lycée La Bruyère [fr] in Versailles, …) and in major cities of the country (e.g. Lycée du Parc in Lyon, Lycée Montaigne in Bordeaux…).[6]