Nandrolone
Anabolic steroid / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Nandrolone, also known as 19-nortestosterone, is an endogenous androgen which exists in the male body at a ratio of 1:50 compared to testosterone.[citation needed] It is also an anabolic steroid (AAS) which is medically used in the form of esters such as nandrolone decanoate (brand name Deca-Durabolin) and nandrolone phenylpropionate (brand name Durabolin).[2][12][9][13] Nandrolone esters are used in the treatment of anemias, cachexia (muscle wasting syndrome), osteoporosis, breast cancer, and for other indications.[9] They are now used by oral administration or instead are given by injection into muscle or fat.[9][13][14]
Clinical data | |
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Pronunciation | /ˈnændrəloʊn/[1] |
Trade names | • Deca-Durabolin (as NDTooltip nandrolone decanoate) • Durabolin (as NPPTooltip nandrolone phenylpropionate) • Many others (see here) |
Other names | • 19-Nortestosterone[2][3] • 10-Nortestosterone • Estr-4-en-17β-ol-3-one • Estrenolone • Oestrenolone • 19-Norandrost-4-en-17β-ol-3-one • Norandrostenolone[2] • Nortestrionate[2] • Nortestonate[2] • Norandroone • SG-4341[2][3] |
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Routes of administration | • IM injection (esters) • SC injection (esters) • Eye drops (NSTooltip nandrolone sulfate) |
Drug class | Androgen; Anabolic steroid; Progestogen |
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Bioavailability | • Oral: <3% (pigs)[5] • Intramuscular: high[6] |
Metabolism | Liver (reduction)[7][8] |
Metabolites | • 5α-Dihydronandrolone[7][9] • 19-Norandrosterone[7] • 19-Noretiocholanolone[7] • Conjugates[8] |
Elimination half-life | • Nandrolone: <4.3 hours[7] • NDTooltip Nandrolone decanoate (IMTooltip Intramuscular injection): 6–12 days[7][9][10] • NPPTooltip Nandrolone phenylpropionate: 2.7 days[10] |
Duration of action | • ND (IM): 2–3 weeks[9][11] • NPP (IM): 5–7 days[9][10] |
Excretion | Urine[7] |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.006.457 |
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Formula | C18H26O2 |
Molar mass | 274.404 g·mol−1 |
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Side effects of nandrolone esters include symptoms of masculinization like acne, increased hair growth, and voice changes.[9] They are synthetic androgens and anabolic steroids and hence are agonists of the androgen receptor (AR), the biological target of androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT).[9][15] Nandrolone has strong anabolic effects and weak androgenic effects, which give them a mild side effect profile and make them especially suitable for use in women and children.[9][15][16] There are metabolites of Nandrolone that act as long-lasting prodrugs in the body,[9] such as 5α-Dihydronandrolone.
Nandrolone esters were first described and introduced for medical use in the late 1950s.[9] They are among the most widely used anabolic steroid worldwide.[9] In addition to their medical use, nandrolone esters are used to improve physique and performance, and are said to be the most widely used anabolic steroid for such purposes.[9][17] The drugs are controlled substances in many countries and so non-medical use is generally illicit.[9]