Primidone
Barbiturate medication used to treat seizures and tremors / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Primidone, sold under various brand names, is a barbiturate medication that is used to treat partial and generalized seizures[7] and essential tremors.[8] It is taken by mouth.[7]
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Trade names | Lepsiral, Mysoline, Resimatil, others |
Other names | desoxyphenobarbital, desoxyphenobarbitone |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a682023 |
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Routes of administration | By mouth |
Drug class | Anticonvulsant, barbiturate |
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Bioavailability | ~100%[4] |
Protein binding | 25%[4] |
Metabolism | Liver |
Elimination half-life | Primidone: 5-18 h, Phenobarbital: 75-120 h,[4] PEMA: 16 h[5] Time to reach steady state: Primidone: 2-3 days, Phenobarbital&PEMA 1-4weeks[6] |
Excretion | Kidney |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.004.307 |
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Formula | C12H14N2O2 |
Molar mass | 218.256 g·mol−1 |
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Its common side effects include sleepiness, poor coordination, nausea, and loss of appetite.[7] Severe side effects may include suicide and psychosis. [8][7] Use during pregnancy may result in harm to the fetus.[9] Primidone is an anticonvulsant of the barbiturate class;[7] however, its long-term effect in raising the seizure threshold is likely due to its active metabolite, phenobarbital.[10]
Primidone was approved for medical use in the United States in 1954.[7] It is available as a generic medication.[8] In 2020, it was the 269th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.[11][12]