User:Mr. Ibrahem/Suicide
Intentional act of causing one's own death / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Suicide is the act of intentionally causing one's own death.[10] Mental disorders—including depression, bipolar disorder, autism, schizophrenia, personality disorders, anxiety disorders, and substance abuse—including alcoholism and the use of benzodiazepines—are risk factors.[2][4][11][6] Some suicides are impulsive acts due to stress, such as from financial difficulties, relationship problems such as breakups, or bullying.[2][12][13] Those who have previously attempted suicide are at a higher risk for future attempts.[2] Effective suicide prevention efforts include limiting access to methods of suicide—such as firearms, drugs, and poisons; treating mental disorders and substance misuse; careful media reporting about suicide; and improving economic conditions.[2][14] Even though crisis hotlines are common, they have not been well studied.[15][16]
Suicide | |
---|---|
The Suicide by Édouard Manet | |
Specialty | Psychiatry |
Usual onset | >70 and 15–30 years old[1] |
Causes | Hanging, pesticide poisoning, firearms[2][3] |
Risk factors | Depression, bipolar disorder, autism, schizophrenia, personality disorders, anxiety disorders, alcoholism, substance abuse[2][4][5][6] |
Prevention | Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful media reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions[2] |
Frequency | 12 per 100,000 per year[7] |
Deaths | 793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)[8][9] |
The most commonly used method of suicide varies between countries, and is partly related to the availability of effective means.[17] Common methods of suicide include hanging, pesticide poisoning, and firearms.[2][3] Suicides resulted in 828,000 global deaths in 2015, an increase from 712,000 deaths in 1990.[18][19] This makes suicide the 10th leading cause of death worldwide.[4][7]
Approximately 1.5% of people die by suicide.[9] In a given year this is roughly 12 per 100,000 people.[7] Rates of completed suicides are generally higher among men than among women, ranging from 1.5 times as much in the developing world to 3.5 times in the developed world.[1] Suicide is generally most common among those over the age of 70; however, in certain countries, those aged between 15 and 30 are at the highest risk.[1] Europe had the highest rates of suicide by region in 2015.[20] There are an estimated 10 to 20 million non-fatal attempted suicides every year.[21] Non-fatal suicide attempts may lead to injury and long-term disabilities.[22] In the Western world, attempts are more common among young people and among females.[22]
Views on suicide have been influenced by broad existential themes such as religion, honor, and the meaning of life.[23][24] The Abrahamic religions traditionally consider suicide as an offense towards God, due to the belief in the sanctity of life.[25] During the samurai era in Japan, a form of suicide known as seppuku (harakiri) was respected as a means of making up for failure or as a form of protest.[26] Sati, a practice outlawed by the British Raj, expected the Indian widow to kill herself on her husband's funeral fire, either willingly or under pressure from her family and society.[27] Suicide and attempted suicide, while previously illegal, are no longer so in most Western countries.[28] It remains a criminal offense in some countries.[29] In the 20th and 21st centuries, suicide has been used on rare occasions as a form of protest, and kamikaze and suicide bombings have been used as a military or terrorist tactic.[30]