Venera 9
1975 Soviet uncrewed space mission to Venus / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Venera 9 (Russian: Венера-9, lit. 'Venus-9'), manufacturer's designation: 4V-1 No. 660,[4] was a Soviet uncrewed space mission to Venus. It consisted of an orbiter and a lander. It was launched on June 8, 1975, at 02:38:00 UTC and had a mass of 4,936 kilograms (10,882 lb).[5] The orbiter was the first spacecraft to orbit Venus, while the lander was the first to return images from the surface of another planet.[6]
Quick Facts Mission type, Operator ...
Mission type | Venus orbiter / lander |
---|---|
Operator | Lavochkin |
COSPAR ID | 1975-050A 1975-050D |
SATCAT no. | 7915 8411 |
Mission duration | Orbiter: 158 days Lander: 53 minutes Launch to last contact: 292 days |
Spacecraft properties | |
Spacecraft | 4V-1 No. 660 |
Manufacturer | Lavochkin |
Launch mass | 4,936 kg (10,882 lb)[1] |
Landing mass | 1,560 kg (3,440 lb) |
Payload mass | 660 kg (1,455 lb) |
Start of mission | |
Launch date | June 8, 1975, 02:38 (1975-06-08UTC02:38) UTC[2] |
Rocket | Proton-K/D[2] |
Launch site | Baikonur 81/24 |
End of mission | |
Last contact | Orbiter primary mission: March 22, 1976 (1976-03-23)[3] Lander: October 22, 1975 (1975-10-23) |
Orbital parameters | |
Reference system | Cytherocentric |
Eccentricity | 0.89002 |
Pericytherion altitude | 7,625 km (4,738 mi) |
Apocytherion altitude | 118,072 km (73,367 mi) |
Inclination | 29.5 degrees |
Period | 48.3 hours |
Venus orbiter | |
Spacecraft component | Orbiter |
Orbital insertion | October 20, 1975 |
Venus lander | |
Spacecraft component | Lander |
Landing date | October 22, 1975, 05:13 UTC |
Landing site | 31.01°N 291.64°E / 31.01; 291.64 (near Beta Regio) |
Stamp of Venera 9 |
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