Tsaunukan Air
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Dutsen AIR ko AIR Massif [1] ( Tamashek; Hausa : Gabas Azbin, Western Abzin ) wani katon dutse ne mai siffar triangular, dake arewacin Nijar, cikin sahara . Wani yanki na Yammacin Saharan montane xeric woodlands ecoregion, sun haura zuwa fiye da 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) kuma ya kara sama da 84,000 square kilometres (32,000 sq mi) . [2] Kwance a tsakiyar hamada a arewa na daidaici na 17, tudun Aïr, mai matsakaicin tsayi tsakanin 500 and 900 metres (1,600 and 3,000 ft), ya kafa wani tsibiri na yanayi na Sahel wanda ke tallafawa nau'ikan rayuwa iri-iri, yawancin makiyaya da al'ummomin noma, da wuraren tarihi masu ban mamaki da wuraren tarihi. Akwai fitattun ayyukan tona kayan tarihi a yankin da ke nuna tarihin zamanin da na wannan yanki. Karen daji na Afirka da ke cikin haɗari ( Lycaon pictus ) ya taɓa wanzuwa a wannan yanki, amma yanzu ana iya kawar da shi saboda matsin lambar mutane a wannan yanki.
Tsaunukan Air | |
---|---|
General information | |
Gu mafi tsayi | Mont Idoukal-n-Taghès |
Height above mean sea level (en) | 2,022 m |
Tsawo | 300 km |
Fadi | 200 km |
Yawan fili | 84,000 km² |
Labarin ƙasa | |
Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa | 18°16′37″N 7°59′58″E |
Kasa | Nijar |
Territory | Arlit (sashe) |
Geology | |
Period (en) | Precambrian (en) |
Tsaunukan Precambrian zuwa Cenozoic Aïr sun ƙunshi kutsawa na granite na peralkaline waɗanda ke bayyana duhu a launi (wanda ba a saba gani ba tunda yawancin granitic talakawa suna da haske a cikin filin). A cikin hamadar sahara irin wadannan tsaunuka sau da yawa suna tsayawa cikin nutsuwa kamar tsayin daka a tsakanin ciyayi da yashi ya rufe. [3] Ƙasar ta ƙunshi tuddai masu tsayi, tuddai, da faɗin, kwaruruka yashi da wadis na yanayi waɗanda a da ke ɗauke da koguna. Wuraren waɗannan zurfi, sau da yawa suna haɗuwa, kwaruruka kuma suna ɗauke da yumbu mai ruwa da ƙasa. Magudanan ruwa na karkashin kasa a wasu daga cikin wadannan kwaruruka na ci gaba da samar da ciyayi da ciyayi duk shekara.
Duwatsun Aïr da kansu sun ƙunshi taro kusan madauwari tara da ke tasowa daga wani tudu mai dutse, mai iyaka da dunes ɗin yashi da filin hamadar Ténéré zuwa gabas. Massif wani tudu ne wanda ya ƙunshi wani yanki na ƙasƙanci na shekarun Cambrian akan duwatsun Precambrian metamorphic, wanda jerin kololuwar kutsawa masu ɗorewa, waɗanda suka haɗa da Mont Idoukal-n-Taghès (mafi girman matsayi a Nijar a 2022) m), Mont Tamgak (1988 m), Mont Greboun (1944 m), Adrar Bous, Fadei, Chirriet, Taghmert, Agueraguer, Takaloukouzet, da Goundai .
Massif ɗin ya ƙunshi fasalulluka na volcanic ciki har da bacewar caldera na Arakao, Cenozoic lava malalo na hawaiite zuwa abun da ke ciki na trachyte, mazugi mai aman wuta, zoben tuff da kuma ɗayan manyan tsarin dik na zobe a duniya. A Izouzaoenehe, ya kwanta dutsen marmara mai shuɗi, kuma ƙananan kwarin Zagado yana kewaye da fararen tuddai na marmara. Yashi na Carboniferous da raka'a na kwal a cikin Basin Iullemmeden kusa da yammacin babban dutsen ya ƙunshi ma'adinin uranium da aka samo daga granites na ma'auni.