The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Polish language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.
All voiced obstruents /b, d, ɡ, v, z, ʐ, ʑ, dʐ, dʑ/ are devoiced (so /d/ becomes [t], etc.) at the ends of words and in clusters ending in any unvoiced obstruents /p, t, k, f, s, x, ʂ, ɕ, tʂ, tɕ/. The voiceless obstruents are voiced (/x/ becoming [ɣ], etc.) in clusters ending in any voiced obstruent except /v, ʐ/, which are themselves devoiced in this case.
See Polish phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Polish.
ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ Consonants, Polish ...
Consonants |
IPA | Polish | Example | English approximation |
b |
b |
bardzo |
bike |
ɕ |
ś, s(i)[1] |
Jaś |
she |
d |
d |
dawno |
door |
dz[2] |
dz |
dzban |
beds |
dʑ[2] |
dź, dz(i)[1] |
dziadek |
jeep[3] |
dʐ [2] |
dż |
Dżakarta |
jug[3] |
f |
f |
foka |
feist |
ɡ |
g |
grać |
girl |
ɡʲ |
g(i)[1] |
Gienek |
argue |
j |
j, i[1] |
jak |
yes |
k |
k |
krowa |
scam |
kʲ |
k(i)[1] |
kierowca |
skew |
l |
l |
lampa |
lion |
m |
m[4] |
morze |
mile |
n |
n[4] |
nad |
Nile |
ɲ |
ń, n(i)[4][1] |
nie |
canyon |
ŋ[5] |
n[4] |
bank |
bank |
p |
p |
policja |
spike |
r |
r |
różowy |
trilled r |
s |
s |
smak |
sign |
ʂ |
sz |
szybko |
shore[3] |
t |
t |
tak |
stow |
tɕ[2] |
ć, c(i)[1] |
cierpki |
cheer[3] |
ts[2] |
c |
całkiem |
cats |
tʂ[2] |
cz |
czy |
child[3] |
v |
w |
wartość |
vile |
w |
ł |
ładny |
way |
x |
ch, h |
chleb |
(Scottish) loch |
xʲ |
h(i)[1] |
hiacynt |
huge |
z |
z |
zebra |
zebra |
ʑ |
ź, z(i)[1] |
ziarno |
vision, azure[3] |
ʐ |
ż, rz |
rzadko |
|
Vowels |
IPA | Polish | Example | English approximation |
a |
a |
tam |
father (shorter) |
ɛ |
e |
dżem |
bed |
ɛ̃ |
ę[4] |
kęs |
van |
i |
i[1] |
piwo |
eat (shorter) |
ɨ |
y |
my |
roses |
ɔ |
o |
rok |
walk (shorter) |
ɔ̃ |
ą[4] |
wąs |
wrong |
u |
u, ó |
duży |
boot (shorter) |
Other symbols used for Polish |
IPA | Explanation |
ˈ |
Primary stress (placed before the stressed syllable). Usually the penultimate syllable of a word. |
ˌ |
Secondary stress (placed before the stressed syllable). |
. |
Syllable break. |
|
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