India
country in South Asia / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
India (Hindi: Bhārat), officially the Republic of India (Hindi: Bhārat Gaṇarājya), also known as Hindustān or Bhārat within the country, is a country in South Asia. It is the largest country by number of people and seventh largest country by land area.[8] India is a peninsula, and has the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It has six neighbors: Pakistan in the north-west, China, Nepal, and Bhutan in the north, and Bangladesh and Myanmar in the east. Sri Lanka is nearby to the south.
Republic of India भारत गणराज्य | |
---|---|
Motto: "Satyameva Jayate" (Sanskrit) "Truth Alone Triumphs"[1] | |
Anthem: "Jana Gana Mana"[2][3] "Thou Art the Ruler of the Minds of All People"[4][2] | |
National song "Vande Mataram" "I Bow to Thee, Mother"[lower-alpha 1][1][2] | |
Capital | New Delhi ("de facto") 28°36′50″N 77°12′30″E |
Largest city | Mumbai |
Official languages | Hindi | English ("de facto") |
Recognised regional languages | 25 languages |
National language | None |
Ethnic groups | 98% Indians
2% others ( Chakmas | Tibetans | Afghans | Filipino and others) |
Religion (2011) | |
Demonym(s) | Indian |
Government | Federal parliamentary constitutional republic |
Droupadi Murmu | |
Jagdeep Dhankhar | |
Narendra Modi | |
Om Birla | |
Dhananjaya Chandrachud | |
Legislature | Parliament |
Rajya Sabha | |
Lok Sabha | |
Area | |
• Total | 3,287,263 km2 (1,269,219 sq mi) (7th) |
• Water (%) | 9.6 |
Population | |
• 2024 estimate | 1,437,768,424 (1st) |
• 2011 census | 1,210,854,977 (2nd) |
• Density | 437.37/km2 (1,132.8/sq mi) (30th) |
GDP (PPP) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $14.216 trillion (3rd) |
• Per capita | $9,983 (125th) |
GDP (nominal) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $4.105 trillion (5th) |
• Per capita | $2,845 (140th) |
Gini (2020) | 55.9[5] high |
HDI (2021) | 0.763[6] high · 99th |
Currency | Indian rupee (₹) (INR) |
Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
DST is not observed | |
Date format |
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Mains electricity | 230 V–50 Hz |
Driving side | left[7] |
Calling code | +91 |
ISO 3166 code | IN |
Internet TLD | .in (others) |
The capital city of India is New Delhi. India has the second largest military force in the world and is also a nuclear weapon state.[9] India's economy became the world's fastest growing in the G20 developing nations during 2014, replacing the People's Republic of China.[10] India's literacy and wealth are also rising.[11] According to New World Wealth, India is the fifth richest country in the world with a total individual wealth of $12.6 trillion.[12][13] However, it still has many social and economic issues like poverty, pollution, social equality, religious extremism, terrorism and corruption.[14] India is a founding member of the World Trade Organisation (WTO), and has signed the Kyoto Protocol.
India has the third largest economy by nominal GDP, the fifth largest by GDP (PPP) and is one of the fastest growing major economy. India has its own space agency (ISRO) and has done various research throughout the solar system, including sending spacecraft to the Moon, Mars, and Venus.[source?] India is also a member of the G20 developing nations, and has been described as a potential superpower due to its rising economy and increase in global influence.
India has the fourth largest number of spoken languages per country in the world, only behind Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, and Nigeria.[15] Most of Indians follow Hinduism at 80%, but people of different religions such as Buddhism, Sikhism and Islam also live there.[16]