Aluminium chloride
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Aluminium trichloride hexahydrate, pure (top), and contaminated with iron(III) chloride (bottom) | |||
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Names | |||
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IUPAC name
Aluminium chloride | |||
Other names
Aluminium(III) chloride Aluminium trichloride Trichloroaluminum | |||
Identifiers | |||
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3D model (JSmol) |
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ChEBI | |||
ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.028.371 | ||
EC Number |
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1876 | |||
PubChem CID |
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RTECS number |
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UNII |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |||
AlCl3 | |||
Molar mass |
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Appearance | Colourless crystals, hygroscopic | ||
Density |
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Melting point | |||
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Solubility |
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Vapor pressure |
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Viscosity |
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Structure | |||
Monoclinic, mS16 | |||
C12/m1, No. 12[3] | |||
Lattice volume (V) |
0.52996 nm3 | ||
Formula units (Z) |
6 | ||
Octahedral (solid) Tetrahedral (liquid) | |||
Trigonal planar (monomeric vapour) | |||
Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C) |
91.1 J/(mol·K)[4] | ||
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
109.3 J/(mol·K)[4] | ||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−704.2 kJ/mol[4] | ||
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵) |
−628.8 kJ/mol[4] | ||
Pharmacology | |||
D10AX01 (WHO) | |||
Hazards | |||
GHS labelling:[5] | |||
Danger | |||
H314 | |||
P260, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338+P310, P310 | |||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose) |
380 mg/kg, rat (oral, anhydrous) 3311 mg/kg, rat (oral, hexahydrate) | ||
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible) |
None[6] | ||
REL (Recommended) |
2 mg/m3[6] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
N.D.[6] | ||
Related compounds | |||
Other anions |
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Other cations |
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Related Lewis acids |
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Supplementary data page | |||
Aluminium chloride (data page) | |||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Clinical data | |
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AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
License data | |
Routes of administration | Topical |
ATC code |
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Identifiers | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.028.371 |
Data page | |
Aluminium chloride (data page) |
Aluminium chloride, also known as aluminium trichloride, is an inorganic compound with the formula AlCl3. It forms a hexahydrate with the formula [Al(H2O)6]Cl3, containing six water molecules of hydration. Both the anhydrous form and the hexahydrate are colourless crystals, but samples are often contaminated with iron(III) chloride, giving them a yellow colour.
The anhydrous form is important commercially. It has a low melting and boiling point. It is mainly produced and consumed in the production of aluminium, but large amounts are also used in other areas of the chemical industry.[7] The compound is often cited as a Lewis acid. It is an example of an inorganic compound that reversibly changes from a polymer to a monomer at mild temperature.